used in international trading in particular. If you're a seller from one country, and selling to an overseas. If the buyer in that overseas jurisdiction wants to know that what you are supplying conforms with what you're saying (e.g quality etc). Buyer hasn't dealt with you before and money needs to pay in advance. Buyer isn't certain that the goods will be as expected, so you can enter into a performance bond whereby it gives an automatic right the if the buyer is not happy, the buyer (bene...

• Loan agreements are in place in order to protect the bank – modify contracts etc. • You are prescribing the default and the remedies – agreement will leave the general solutions but parties are allowed to state what can be constituted as a breach and how to compensate / what the consequences are – repayment in demand is very common Failure to Pay B:Breach of Representation C:Breach of Covenant (Covenant Lite Loans:Through a glass darkly June 2007 IFLR 18.) D:Cross Default E:Ins...

Main aim is the changing role of the trustee in the international bond issues. Note: problem with bond issues/due diligence/bonds in sub-prime mortgage market.

Previous legislation before the FSA- FSA 2000 still the basis for the regulation of authorisation in relation to legislation. FSA transferred to the bank of England. Actual services authority was abolished. Regulator is no longer the FSA it is either the PRA or FCA or both.