Buffer stock - A stock of raw materials held in reserve to protect the production process from unforeseen shortages. Customer loyalty - The likelihood that past customers will continue to buy from the business, enhanced by high quality customer service and/or reward programmes. Customer satisfaction - Whether customers are pleased with the goods/services they receive; whether they would purchase again. Flow production - Using a production line to make goods continuously and in large number...

What are cells? - The building blocks of organisms Define eukaryotic cell - Cells that have a true nucleus Define prokaryotic cell - Cells that do not have a true nucleus What is in an animal cell? - Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes What is in a plant cell? - Same as animal plus: vacuole, chloroplasts, chlorophyll, cell wall What is in a yeast cell? - Same as animal plus: temporary vacuole, cell wall What is in a bacterial cell? - Cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wa...

How is the real size of a magnified image calculated? - Real size = Image size ÷ Total magnification. What is a eukaryotic cell? - A cell with DNA inside a membrane bound nucleus. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. Name two differences between a plant cell and a bacterial cell? - Plant cells have a nucleus / plant cells have mitochondria / plant cells have chloroplasts / plant cells have a cellulose cell wall whereas bacteria do not contain any of these structures. Bacteria have chr...

How is the real size of a magnified image calculated? - Real size = Image size ÷ Total magnification. What is a eukaryotic cell? - A cell with DNA inside a membrane bound nucleus. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. Name two differences between a plant cell and a bacterial cell? - Plant cells have a nucleus / plant cells have mitochondria / plant cells have chloroplasts / plant cells have a cellulose cell wall whereas bacteria do not contain any of these structures. Bacteria have chr...

What is homeostasis? - The maintenance of a constant internal environment. What is a stimulus? - A change in your environment than requires a response. e.g Light, sound, touch, pressure, pain, chemical or temperature. What do the receptors do? - Detect the stimulus or change in environment. What happens after the receptors? - Receptors send messages to the CNS via the sensory neurone. What makes up the central nervous system? - The brain or spinal cord What is an effector? - Muscles or gl...

What does a nucleus do? - It contains genetic material and controls the activities of the cell What does cytoplasm do? - It's a gel-like substance where most of the chemical reactions happen. It contains enzymes that control these chemical reactions What does a cell membrane do? - It holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out What do mitochondria do? - These are where most of the reactions for aerobic respiration occur. Respiration transfers energy that the cell needs to wor...

What is the charge of a proton? - +1 What is the charge of a neutron? - 0 What is the charge of an electron? - -1 What is the relative mass of a proton? - 1 What is the relative mass of a neutron? - 1 What is the relative mass of an electron? - Very small How many types of atoms do elements contain? - Only one type What are compounds? - Substances containing two or more different elements that are chemically bonded together What are mixtures? - Substances containing two or more differen...

This type of surface is a good absorber and emitter of thermal radiation - Dark, rough (matt) surface This type of surface is a bad absorber and emitter of thermal radiation - Light, shiny surface In this process particles vibrate colliding with each other passing energy along. Solids are best at it, then liquids, then gases. - Conduction In this process particles move around carrying energy with them. Gases are best at it, then liquids then solids - Convection This process doesn't requi...

Weight - Mass x Gravitational Field Strength Work Done - Force x Distance Force Applied to a Spring - Spring Constant x Extension Moment of a Force - Force x Distance Pressure - Force / Area

Energy Stores - 1) Elastic potential 2) Gravitational potential 3) Thermal 4) Electrostatic 5) Nuclear 6) Chemical 7) Kinetic 8) Magnetic 9) Light 10) Sound How is energy transferred? - 1) Mechanically - force doing work 2) Electrically - work done by moving charges 3) Heating/Radiation - light, sound How can work be done? - When a current flows or by a force moving an object Kinetic energy formula - E=1/2mv² Kinetic energy(J) = 0.5 x mass(kg) x speed²(m/s) Gravitational potent...