BIOL 203 Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

What is the difference between heterozygous and homozygous individuals? - ANSWER All of the gametes from a homozygote carry the same version of the gene while those of a heterozygote will differ When constructing a Punnett square, the symbols on the outside of the boxes represent _______, while those inside the boxes represent _______. - ANSWER gametes, progeny True or false? The same phenotype can be produced by more than one genotype. - ANSWER True. Since there exist dominant and recessi...

Biogeography - ANSWER Study of variation in species composition and diversity across geographic locations regional species pool - ANSWER all the species contained within a region (gamma diversity) gamma diversity - ANSWER total species diversity in a landscape alpha diversity - ANSWER Species physiology and interactions with other species are important factors in the resulting species diversity beta diversity - ANSWER change in species, or turnover, from one community type to another...

chronic degenerative disease - ANSWER non-infectious disease that develops slowly, deterioration of tissues ex diabetes epidemiologic study - ANSWER study where data is collected from a group of people who aren't asked to change their behaviours inorganic compound - ANSWER substance that doesn't contain carbon non infectious disease - ANSWER not contagious, long term and chronic ex. heart disease, cancer nutrition transition - ANSWER a shift from undernutrition to over nutrition, r...

4 main sections of a scientific paper - ANSWER introduction, materials and methods, results, and discussion introduction - ANSWER Gives the reader a general background to the topic and explains how it fits into the context of biology. Use literature references to support statements. materials and methods - ANSWER Describes the procedures used to generate the data results - ANSWER reports the data, i.e. the outcome of the experiment discussion - ANSWER interprets the results and expla...

What cellular events occur in the G1 phase of the cell division cycle? - ANSWER normal growth and cell function What is the best way to describe homologous chromosomes? - ANSWER they carry information for the same traits In some parts of Africa, the frequency of individuals who are heterozygous for the sickle-cell anemia allele is higher than the frequency in North America, presumably because this reduces the frequency of malaria. Such a relationship is related to what? - ANSWER Darwin's ...

What is the path of light through the compound microscope? - ANSWER Light source --> condenser --> specimen --> objective lens --> ocular lens The image from the objective lens is magnified again by the ocular lens. What are the steps of a gram-stain? - ANSWER 1) Primary stain (crystal violet) - 1 minute 2) Mordant (Gram's iodine) - 1 minute 3) Decolorizing agent (ethanol) - 5 seconds 4) Counterstain (safranin) - 1 minute *blot dry, not wipe What is this specimen? -...

The function of the skeletal system is to - ANSWER protect various organs, store triglycerides, allow movement Which of the following cells are NOT found in the epidermis? - ANSWER Fibroblasts The cortex of the long bone's diaphysis is made of ____ - ANSWER Compact bone A shorter, seventy-year-old Chinese woman comes to you with a broken hip. Which test do you orderto check for osteoporosis? - ANSWER A bone mineral density test Which cells are stimulated by the hormones calcitriol a...

chronic degenerative disease - ANSWER non-infectious disease that develops slowly, deterioration of tissues ex diabetes epidemiologic study - ANSWER study where data is collected from a group of people who aren't asked to change their behaviours inorganic compound - ANSWER substance that doesn't contain carbon non infectious disease - ANSWER not contagious, long term and chronic ex. heart disease, cancer nutrition transition - ANSWER a shift from undernutrition to over nutrition, r...

bactericidal - ANSWER kills microbes (bateria) directly Where are antibiotic resistance genes typically located? - ANSWER On plasmids or transposons that can be transferred between bacteria Examples of misuse that can lead to antibiotic resistance - ANSWER -using outdated or weakened antibiotics -using antibiotics for the common cold and other inappropriate conditions -using antibiotics in animal feed -failing to complete the prescribes regimen -using someone's leftover prescription ...

Ribozymes - ANSWER RNA molecules that function as enzymes Primary transcript - ANSWER the initial RNA transcript from any gene, including those specifying RNA that is not translated into a protein mRNA - ANSWER an RNA molecule that carries a genetic message from the DNA to the protein-synthesizing machinery of the cell template strand - ANSWER One of the two DNA strands (out of the two) that gets transcribed-- it provides the pattern or template for the sequence of nucleotides in an RNA...