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George Kent is a 54 year old widower with a history of COPD and was rushed to the ED with increasing SHOOB, pyrexia, and productive cough with yellow-green sputum. He has difficulty in communicating because of his inability to complete a sentence. One of his sons, Jacob, says he has been unwell for three days. Upon examination, crackles and wheezes can be heard in the lower lobes; he has tachycardia and a bounding pulse. Measurement of the arterial blood gas shows pH 7.3, PaCO2 68mm Hg...

What are arterial blood gases? : -reflect oxygenation, gas exchange, and acid-base imbalance -PaO2 is the partial pressure of oxygen dissolved in arterial blood -SaO2 is the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin PaO2 ranges : normal is 80-100mmHg <80mmHg = hypoxemia <60 mmHg may be seen in COPD patients < 40 mmHg is life threatening SaO2 ranges : 93-100% is normal -hypoxia is decreased oxygen at the tissue level 2 pH : •Measures hydrogen ion (H+) concentration •pH ...

A patient who has required prolonged mechanical ventilation has the following arterial blood gas results: pH 7.48, PaO2 85 mm Hg, PaCO2 32 mm Hg, and HCO3 25 mEq/L. The nurse interprets these results as a. metabolic acidosis. b. metabolic alkalosis. c. respiratory acidosis. d. respiratory alkalosis. : ANS: D The pH indicates that the patient has alkalosis and the low PaCO2 indicates a respiratory cause. The other responses are incorrect based on the pH and the normal HCO3. A patient...

Diagnose the patient: pH = 7.1 (ACIDIC) pCO2 = 40 mm Hg (normal) HCO3 = 18 (Acidic) : *Metabolic acidosis -Pt could have ketoacidosis -The body will compensate by blowing off and lowering CO2 to become more basic Diagnose the patient: pH = 7.1 (ACIDIC) PCO2 = 60 MM HG (ACIDIC) HCO3 = 22 (normal)

An arterial blood gas with a pH of 7.48 indicates: : alkalosis To compensate for a PaCO2 of 24 mm Hg, what will occur? : excretion of bicarbonate ABGs are pH 7.4, CO2 40 mmHg and HCO3 22mEq/L. This indicates: : normal balance Acute respiratory alkalosis can be caused by: : All anxiety, pain and CNS lesoin ABG results are pH 7.4, PaCO2 60 mmHg, HCO3 36 mEq/L. This indicates: : fully compensated respiratory acidosis or metabolic alkalosis 2 To compensate for a HCO3 of 28 mEq/L, what w...

1. George Kent is a 54 year old widower with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and was rushed to the emergency department with increasing shortness of breath, pyrexia, and a productive cough with yellow-green sputum. He has difficulty in communicating because of his inability to complete a sentence. One of his sons, Jacob, says he has been unwell for three days. Upon examination, crackles and wheezes can be heard in the lower lobes; he has a tachycardia and a bounding ...

Question 1 of 10 The nurse is caring for a client who is suspected to be septic. The provider orders a lactic acid blood level. The nurse knows that increased lactic acid indicates which of the following conditions for the client? A.Orthostatic hypotension B.Hypercalcemia C.Hypoxia D.Hypotension : Answer C 2 Hypoxia Lactic acid is built up when the body goes without oxygen, indicating hypoxia has occurred. Hypercalcemia To check a calcium level, the provider would order a blood ...

pH: 7.37 HCO3: 19 PaCO2: 34 : Metabolic Acidosis, fully compensated pH: 7.32 PaCO2: 23 2 HCO3: 11 : Metabolic Acidosis, partially compensated pH: 7.56 PaCO2: 20 HCO3: 20 : Respiratory Alkalosis, partially compensated 3 pH: 7.23 PaCO2: 37 HCO3: 18 : Metabolic Acidosis, uncompensated pH: 7.31 PaCO2: 34 HCO3: 21 4 : Metabolic Acidosis, partially compensated pH: 7.50 PaCO2: 32 HCO3: 24 : Respiratory Alkalosis, uncompensated ...

6 steps to ABG analysis : 1. is the pH normal? 2. Is the CO2 normal? 3. IS the HCO3 normal? 4. Match the CO2 or the HCO3 with the pH 5. Does the CO2 or the HCO3 go the opposite direction of the pH? 6. Are the PO2 and O2 saturation normal? 1. Is the pH normal? : normal range is 7.35-7.45 acidosis is less than 7.4 alkalosis is greater than 7.4 2. Is the CO2 normal

What physical assessment would you expect to find when hydrostatic pressure rises higher in the capillary system than the interstitial space? A. Poor skin turgor B. Edema C. Dehydration D. Overhydration : B A patient presents with nausea and vomiting for 48 hours. The patient also complains of a headache, vision changes, and dizziness. Lab work indicates severe hyponatremia. Which possible clinical condition is of greatest concern based on these findings? A. Gallstones 2 B. Pregna...