Molecular Biology of the Cell

LIFE305 Cell Signalling in Health and Disease - Redox signalling Lecture focussing on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by NAD(P)H oxidase, xanthine oxidase and mitochondria, the role of antioxidants and antioxidative pathways (bacteria: OxyR, mammals: Keap1/Nrf2), pathways of ROS clearance (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione), the effects of ROS (mitochondrial permeability transition/MPT, lipid peroxidation, changes in the ratio of oxidized vs reduced gluthatione, protein carbonylation), techniques to measure ROS and antioxidant activity (N-acetylcysteine, MitoQ10, dihydrorhodamine, mitoSOX) and a little bit of information on reactive nitrogen species (RNS) e.g. nitric oxide.

Apoptosis and Cancer Summary A detailed summary of cancer and apoptosis, exploring these two important areas of human biology. Analysis of cancers are, with examples included and the different types of cancers that exist. Delving into contributing factors and covering the processes of carcinogenesis and apoptosis in detail. Looks at how cancers spread and describing in detail the mechanism of angiogenesis, including activation factors of angiogenesis. Analyse how cancer cells spread by invasion and metastasis. Study in depth oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes and the differences that occur in normal cells and cancerous cells. Investigates cell fusion experiments, the well known p53 tumour suppressor gene and cancer treatment options. These notes are useful in all modules looking at cancer and cellular biology. [Achieved 1st class in 1st year with these notes.]

Neutrophils and Macrophages in the control of infection Methods neutrophils and macrophages use to recognise and kill microbes

Priming of Naive T Cells Notes on the activation of T cells by antigen presenting cells (dendritic cells, macrophages and B cells).

Biogenesis of proteins in bacteria Description of the gram positive and negative bacteria produce proteins, including sec dependent and independent mechanisms.

Cell Membrane Structure and Function lecture notes Lecture notes on Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Intro and Classification of Viruses A basic overview and summary of the classification of viruses

Effector T Cell Function The different classes of effector T cells including, CD8 cytotoxic T cells, CD4 TH1 Cells, CD4 TH2 Cells, CD4 TH17 Cells, CD4 follicular helper (TFH) cells and CD4 T regulatory (Treg) cells

Retroviruses Class VI single stranded sense RNA. With in depth notes on the HIV life cycle, tropism and possible vaccinations.

LIFE305 Cell Signalling in Health and Disease - Sensory signalling Lecture notes of LIFE305 Cell Signalling about Sensory signalling in vision, olfaction and gustation. Discusses the signalling pathways from GPCR to output and the proteins involved.